Indoor air quality (IAQ) refers to the condition of the air within and around buildings and structures, particularly as it relates to the health and comfort of occupants. IAQ is influenced by a variety of factors, including the presence of pollutants like dust, mold, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide, and other airborne contaminants. Poor indoor air quality can have significant short-term and long-term health effects, ranging from mild symptoms like headaches, eye irritation, and fatigue to more severe conditions such as respiratory diseases, heart disease, and even cancer. Because people spend a considerable amount of time indoors, maintaining good indoor air quality is crucial for overall health and well-being.

Several sources contribute to indoor air pollution, including building materials, furnishings, cleaning products, heating and cooling systems, and outdoor pollutants that infiltrate indoor spaces. For instance, materials like paints, carpets, and flooring can release VOCs, while cooking and heating appliances can emit carbon monoxide and other hazardous gases. Inadequate ventilation exacerbates the problem by trapping these pollutants inside, leading to a buildup of harmful substances in the indoor environment. Moisture and humidity levels also play a role, as excess moisture can lead to mold growth, further compromising air quality. Therefore, effective strategies to improve indoor air quality often involve reducing pollutant sources, enhancing ventilation, and controlling humidity.

Improving indoor air quality is essential for creating healthier indoor environments. This can be achieved through measures such as using low-VOC materials, ensuring proper ventilation through mechanical systems or natural means, regularly maintaining HVAC systems, and using air purifiers to remove airborne contaminants. Additionally, controlling moisture and addressing any leaks or water damage promptly can help prevent mold growth. Educating occupants about the sources and impacts of indoor air pollution is also key to maintaining a healthier indoor environment. By prioritizing IAQ, building owners, occupants, and manufacturers can work together to create spaces that are not only comfortable but also promote long-term health and well-being.